Read ENODA’s insightful articles on energy, technology, and intelligence
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The Thermodynamics of Prosperity
Andrew Scobie, responds to the International Energy Agency's (IEA) Electricity 2026 report and the arrival of the “Age of Electricity”.
Emergence and Diffusion of GPTs - A Complex Systems Perspective
This paper highlights the nonlinear dynamics and emergent feedbacks inherent in innovation ecosystems to examine how GPTs emerge, diffuse, and co-evolve with interdependent innovations and institutions.
Definition of Consumer in Electricity Markets
This article explores an updated definition of ‘consumer’ that addresses the challenges of a rapidly changing energy landscape.
A Scottish Evolution
Andrew Scobie explores Edinburgh’s legacy of innovation, tracing the city’s evolution from Renaissance thinking through to the steam engine and electromagnetic theory.
Power, Progress, and Peril
The essay further investigates ENODA’s integrated technological solutions as a case study in how innovation can “deconstrain” the AC electricity grid, increasing its capacity, stability, and efficiency.
Definition of Prosumer: General and in Electricity Markets
What happens when individuals become both producers and consumers of the energy they use? A prosumer bridges the gap between traditional consumption and production, harnessing modern technology to generate goods for their own use while supplying any surplus back into the market.


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