However, as industrial control systems (ICS) and smart meters shift from isolated setups to internet-based networks, new cyber threats emerge. SCADA protocols, originally designed for closed systems, now face connectivity challenges, allowing a single cyberattack to escalate into a widespread blackout.

What happens when individuals become both producers and consumers of the energy they use?  A prosumer bridges the gap between traditional consumption and production, harnessing modern technology to generate goods for their own use while supplying any surplus back into the market. 

In response to the IEA’s Global Energy Review 2025, we show that intelligently managed electricity grids can help boost decarbonisation initiatives, reduce the need for coal powered energy to cover shortfalls in energy demand forecasts, and improve grid stability and safety.

By examining economic and environmental costs across both markets, this study provides a more holistic understanding of Poland’s electricity sector and the systemic challenges that must be addressed to achieve true decarbonisation

ENODA’s Paul Domjan speaks to Hajar Yagkoubi at BETD 25, discussing the pitfalls of the current electrical grid, the new technologies required to support a truly decentralised energy system, and the role of renewables in that system.

AI’s benefits from a positive feedback loop from several key effects. User adoption and network effects increase data availability enhancing AI capabilities. A history of results from previous queries improve the reliability of generated content.